The Hijra community in Bangladesh has historically experienced social exclusion, discrimination, and socioeconomic disadvantage. This study examined their demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, educational, health, housing, and decision-making conditions and identified major problems and possible solutions. A mixed-method exploratory approach was adopted. A survey was conducted among 100 Hijra community members selected purposively from six upazilas and four urban social service offices in Dhaka and Sylhet districts. In addition, six focus group discussions and ten case studies were conducted. Findings show that 40% of respondents were aged 30–40 years, 45% were illiterate, 67% were engaged in traditional occupations, and all lived outside their family homes. Major problems included poverty (70%), dependency (80%), malnutrition (70%), inadequate clothing (80%), insecurity (60%), and indebtedness (50%). Respondents identified employment opportunities, increased allowances, vocational training, housing, and employment based on qualifications as major solutions. The study emphasizes social acceptance, empathy, accessibility, and non-discrimination to facilitate their integration into mainstream society.

DOI : #

Authors : Dr. Md. Nurul Islam, Dr. Sk. Tauhidul Islam and Md. Tuhin Mia

Keywords :